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linux-scripts/dns-lookup.sh
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
#########################################################################################
#### dns-lookup.sh — Batch DNS lookups with record comparison across servers ####
#### Query multiple record types and compare results across DNS servers ####
#### ####
#### Author: Phil Connor ####
#### Contact: contact@mylinux.work ####
#### License: MIT ####
#### Version 1.00 ####
#### ####
#### Usage: ####
#### ./dns-lookup.sh example.com google.com ####
#### ./dns-lookup.sh --type MX --servers 8.8.8.8,1.1.1.1 example.com ####
#### ####
#### See --help for all options. ####
#########################################################################################
set -euo pipefail
# ── Defaults ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
DNS_TIMEOUT="${DNS_TIMEOUT:-5}"
RECORD_TYPE="${RECORD_TYPE:-A}"
DNS_SERVERS=""
COMPARE="${COMPARE:-false}"
DOMAIN_FILE=""
VERBOSE="${VERBOSE:-false}"
COLOR="${COLOR:-auto}"
# ── State ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SCRIPT_NAME="$(basename "$0")"
readonly SCRIPT_NAME
DOMAINS=()
COUNT_TOTAL=0
COUNT_SUCCESS=0
COUNT_FAILED=0
COUNT_MISMATCH=0
DIG_CMD=""
# ── Colors ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
setup_colors() {
if [[ "$COLOR" == "never" ]]; then
RED="" GREEN="" YELLOW="" CYAN="" BOLD="" DIM="" RESET=""
return
fi
if [[ "$COLOR" == "always" ]] || [[ -t 1 ]]; then
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[0;33m'
CYAN='\033[0;36m'
BOLD='\033[1m'
DIM='\033[2m'
RESET='\033[0m'
else
RED="" GREEN="" YELLOW="" CYAN="" BOLD="" DIM="" RESET=""
fi
}
# ── Logging ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
log() { echo -e "${CYAN}[INFO]${RESET} $*"; }
warn() { echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${RESET} $*" >&2; }
err() { echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${RESET} $*" >&2; }
verbose() { if [[ "$VERBOSE" == "true" ]]; then echo -e "${DIM}[DEBUG]${RESET} $*"; fi; }
# ── Helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
section_header() {
echo ""
echo -e " ${BOLD}${CYAN}── $1 ──${RESET}"
echo ""
}
field() {
printf " ${BOLD}%-22s${RESET} %s\n" "$1" "$2"
}
field_color() {
printf " ${BOLD}%-22s${RESET} %b\n" "$1" "$2"
}
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# DNS QUERY
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
detect_dns_tool() {
if command -v dig &>/dev/null; then
DIG_CMD="dig"
elif command -v nslookup &>/dev/null; then
DIG_CMD="nslookup"
else
err "Neither dig nor nslookup found. Install dnsutils or bind-utils."
exit 1
fi
verbose "Using DNS tool: ${DIG_CMD}"
}
query_dig() {
local domain="$1"
local rtype="$2"
local server="${3:-}"
local cmd_args=()
if [[ -n "$server" ]]; then
cmd_args+=("@${server}")
fi
cmd_args+=("$domain" "$rtype" "+short" "+time=${DNS_TIMEOUT}" "+tries=1")
verbose "dig ${cmd_args[*]}"
dig "${cmd_args[@]}" 2>/dev/null || echo ""
}
query_nslookup() {
local domain="$1"
local rtype="$2"
local server="${3:-}"
local result
if [[ -n "$server" ]]; then
result=$(nslookup -type="$rtype" -timeout="$DNS_TIMEOUT" "$domain" "$server" 2>/dev/null) || result=""
else
result=$(nslookup -type="$rtype" -timeout="$DNS_TIMEOUT" "$domain" 2>/dev/null) || result=""
fi
# Parse nslookup output — extract answer lines
echo "$result" | awk '/^Name:|^Address:|answer:/{found=1} found && /^[^ \t]/' | grep -v "^Server:" | grep -v "^Name:" | awk '{print $NF}'
}
do_query() {
local domain="$1"
local rtype="$2"
local server="${3:-}"
if [[ "$DIG_CMD" == "dig" ]]; then
query_dig "$domain" "$rtype" "$server"
else
query_nslookup "$domain" "$rtype" "$server"
fi
}
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# LOOKUP LOGIC
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
lookup_single() {
local domain="$1"
local rtype="$2"
local server="${3:-system resolver}"
local server_arg="${3:-}"
COUNT_TOTAL=$((COUNT_TOTAL + 1))
local result
result=$(do_query "$domain" "$rtype" "$server_arg")
if [[ -z "$result" ]]; then
COUNT_FAILED=$((COUNT_FAILED + 1))
printf " %b%-30s %-6s %-18s %s%b\n" "$RED" "$domain" "$rtype" "$server" "NO RECORDS" "$RESET"
return
fi
COUNT_SUCCESS=$((COUNT_SUCCESS + 1))
# Get TTL if using dig
local ttl="--"
if [[ "$DIG_CMD" == "dig" && -n "$server_arg" ]]; then
ttl=$(dig "@${server_arg}" "$domain" "$rtype" +noall +answer +time="${DNS_TIMEOUT}" +tries=1 2>/dev/null \
| awk '{print $2}' | head -1 || echo "--")
elif [[ "$DIG_CMD" == "dig" ]]; then
ttl=$(dig "$domain" "$rtype" +noall +answer +time="${DNS_TIMEOUT}" +tries=1 2>/dev/null \
| awk '{print $2}' | head -1 || echo "--")
fi
while IFS= read -r value; do
[[ -z "$value" ]] && continue
printf " %-30s %-6s %-8s %-18s %s\n" "$domain" "$rtype" "$ttl" "$server" "$value"
# Only print domain on first line
domain=""
ttl=""
done <<< "$result"
}
lookup_compare() {
local domain="$1"
local rtype="$2"
local -a servers_arr
IFS=',' read -ra servers_arr <<< "$DNS_SERVERS"
if [[ ${#servers_arr[@]} -lt 2 ]]; then
warn "Compare mode requires at least 2 DNS servers (use --servers)"
return
fi
local -a all_results=()
local first_result=""
for server in "${servers_arr[@]}"; do
COUNT_TOTAL=$((COUNT_TOTAL + 1))
local result
result=$(do_query "$domain" "$rtype" "$server" | sort)
if [[ -z "$result" ]]; then
COUNT_FAILED=$((COUNT_FAILED + 1))
printf " %b%-30s %-6s %-18s %s%b\n" "$RED" "$domain" "$rtype" "$server" "NO RECORDS" "$RESET"
all_results+=("FAILED")
continue
fi
COUNT_SUCCESS=$((COUNT_SUCCESS + 1))
all_results+=("$result")
if [[ -z "$first_result" ]]; then
first_result="$result"
fi
while IFS= read -r value; do
[[ -z "$value" ]] && continue
printf " %-30s %-6s %-18s %s\n" "$domain" "$rtype" "$server" "$value"
domain=""
done <<< "$result"
done
# Check for mismatches
local mismatch=false
for r in "${all_results[@]}"; do
if [[ "$r" != "$first_result" && "$r" != "FAILED" && "$first_result" != "FAILED" ]]; then
mismatch=true
break
fi
done
if [[ "$mismatch" == "true" ]]; then
COUNT_MISMATCH=$((COUNT_MISMATCH + 1))
printf " %b ⚠ MISMATCH across servers for %s%b\n" "$RED" "$1" "$RESET"
else
printf " %b ✓ Consistent across servers for %s%b\n" "$GREEN" "$1" "$RESET"
fi
echo ""
}
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# INPUT PARSING
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
parse_domain() {
local entry="$1"
entry=$(echo "$entry" | sed 's/^[[:space:]]*//;s/[[:space:]]*$//')
[[ -z "$entry" || "$entry" == \#* ]] && return
DOMAINS+=("$entry")
}
load_domains_from_file() {
local file="$1"
if [[ ! -f "$file" ]]; then
err "File not found: $file"
exit 1
fi
while IFS= read -r line; do
parse_domain "$line"
done < "$file"
}
load_domains_from_stdin() {
while IFS= read -r line; do
parse_domain "$line"
done
}
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# USAGE
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
usage() {
cat <<EOF
${SCRIPT_NAME} — Batch DNS lookups with record comparison
USAGE:
${SCRIPT_NAME} [OPTIONS] [DOMAIN ...]
${SCRIPT_NAME} --file domains.txt
echo "example.com" | ${SCRIPT_NAME}
OPTIONS:
--type TYPE Record type: A, AAAA, MX, NS, TXT, CNAME, SOA, PTR
(default: A)
--servers SERVERS Comma-separated DNS servers to query
(default: system resolver)
--compare Compare results across multiple DNS servers
--file FILE Read domains from file (one per line)
--verbose Enable debug output
--no-color Disable colored output
--help Show this help
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES:
DNS_TIMEOUT Query timeout in seconds (default: 5)
EXAMPLES:
# Simple A record lookup
./dns-lookup.sh example.com
# MX record lookup
./dns-lookup.sh --type MX example.com
# Compare across DNS servers
./dns-lookup.sh --compare --servers 8.8.8.8,1.1.1.1,9.9.9.9 example.com
# Batch lookup from file
./dns-lookup.sh --file domains.txt --type AAAA
EOF
}
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# ARGUMENT PARSING
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
parse_args() {
while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
case "$1" in
--type)
RECORD_TYPE="${2^^}"; shift 2 ;;
--servers)
DNS_SERVERS="$2"; shift 2 ;;
--compare)
COMPARE="true"; shift ;;
--file)
DOMAIN_FILE="$2"; shift 2 ;;
--verbose)
VERBOSE="true"; shift ;;
--no-color)
COLOR="never"; shift ;;
--help|-h)
setup_colors
usage
exit 0 ;;
-*)
err "Unknown option: $1"
echo "Run ${SCRIPT_NAME} --help for usage" >&2
exit 1 ;;
*)
parse_domain "$1"; shift ;;
esac
done
}
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# MAIN
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
main() {
parse_args "$@"
setup_colors
detect_dns_tool
# Load domains from file if specified
if [[ -n "$DOMAIN_FILE" ]]; then
load_domains_from_file "$DOMAIN_FILE"
fi
# Load from stdin if no domains yet and stdin is not a terminal
if [[ ${#DOMAINS[@]} -eq 0 ]] && ! [[ -t 0 ]]; then
load_domains_from_stdin
fi
if [[ ${#DOMAINS[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
err "No domains specified"
echo "Run ${SCRIPT_NAME} --help for usage" >&2
exit 1
fi
# Validate record type
case "$RECORD_TYPE" in
A|AAAA|MX|NS|TXT|CNAME|SOA|PTR) ;;
*)
err "Unsupported record type: ${RECORD_TYPE}"
exit 1 ;;
esac
echo ""
echo -e "${BOLD}DNS Lookup — ${RECORD_TYPE} Records${RESET}"
echo -e "${DIM}$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z')${RESET}"
echo -e "${DIM}Tool: ${DIG_CMD} | Timeout: ${DNS_TIMEOUT}s${RESET}"
section_header "Results"
if [[ "$COMPARE" == "true" ]]; then
printf " ${BOLD}%-30s %-6s %-18s %s${RESET}\n" "DOMAIN" "TYPE" "SERVER" "VALUE"
printf " %s\n" "$(printf '%.0s─' {1..85})"
for domain in "${DOMAINS[@]}"; do
lookup_compare "$domain" "$RECORD_TYPE"
done
else
# Determine servers to query
local -a servers_list
if [[ -n "$DNS_SERVERS" ]]; then
IFS=',' read -ra servers_list <<< "$DNS_SERVERS"
else
servers_list=("")
fi
printf " ${BOLD}%-30s %-6s %-8s %-18s %s${RESET}\n" "DOMAIN" "TYPE" "TTL" "SERVER" "VALUE"
printf " %s\n" "$(printf '%.0s─' {1..90})"
for domain in "${DOMAINS[@]}"; do
for server in "${servers_list[@]}"; do
lookup_single "$domain" "$RECORD_TYPE" "$server"
done
done
fi
section_header "Summary"
field "Total lookups:" "$COUNT_TOTAL"
field_color "Successful:" "${GREEN}${COUNT_SUCCESS}${RESET}"
if [[ "$COUNT_FAILED" -gt 0 ]]; then
field_color "Failed:" "${RED}${COUNT_FAILED}${RESET}"
else
field "Failed:" "$COUNT_FAILED"
fi
if [[ "$COMPARE" == "true" ]]; then
if [[ "$COUNT_MISMATCH" -gt 0 ]]; then
field_color "Mismatches:" "${RED}${COUNT_MISMATCH}${RESET}"
else
field_color "Mismatches:" "${GREEN}0${RESET}"
fi
fi
echo ""
}
main "$@"